Law of armed conflict outline1/3/2024 It also extends the scope of application to non-international armed conflicts. The protocol defines five grave violations of its provisions for which individual criminal responsibility applies. It provides for enhanced protection for cultural property of the greatest importance to humanity, which is conferred by the Committee for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Second Hague Protocol for the Protection of Cultural Property was adopted in 1999 to supplement the then-outdated convention. In addition, because of their particular vulnerability, children are afforded special additional protection. International humanitarian law gives children general protection as civilians in armed conflict. Protocol III of 2005 concerns the adoption of an additional distinctive emblem, the red crystal and grants it the same international status as the emblems of the red cross and red crescent.ĭrafting history of the 2005 Additional Protocol Protocol II is the first international legal instrument devoted wholly to non-international armed conflicts.ĭrafting history of the 1977 Additional Protocols The two Additional Protocols of 1977 bolster the protection afforded to victims of international and non-international armed conflicts. Article 3 common to the four conventions extended the scope of international humanitarian law to non-international armed conflicts, a breakthrough in the field.ĭrafting history of the 1949 Geneva Conventions The four Geneva Conventions of 1949 concern, respectively, the wounded and sick in armed forces in the field, the wounded, sick and shipwrecked at sea, prisoners of war, and civilians in times of war. The Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols set out the essential rules of international humanitarian law by protecting people not taking part in hostilities (civilians, medical or religious personnel, employees of humanitarian organizations) or no longer taking part (the wounded, sick or shipwrecked, prisoners of war).
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